A gas sensor is a common term for a “gas detector” or, more precisely, the most important component of a gas detector or gas meter. There are many devices of this type available on the market. Some are used in industrial applications, while others are intended for home use. Some operate as stationary units, for example in production facilities or small boiler rooms. Others are portable and can be used to check for the presence of gas anywhere.
Personal Protection Detectors
Workers are required to carry such detectors in case they enter areas where gases harmful to human health are present in the air. If the detector senses that the environment poses a danger, it triggers an alarm. Not every gas is considered toxic, but the concentration of certain gases in the air is also important for health. Detectors can detect insufficient oxygen levels or warn about excessive carbon dioxide. Both gases are normally present in atmospheric air. However, in specific locations (caves, mines, utility tunnels, enclosed industrial process spaces), altered concentrations can be harmful to humans.
Types of Gas Sensors
From a construction perspective, a “sensor” is not a standalone device but a part of a detector or meter. Gas-detecting sensors have different designs depending on the tasks they are intended for. Based on their construction and operation, sensors can be divided into several groups:
- Catalytic
- Electrochemical
- Semiconductor
- Infrared
- Photoacoustic
- Flame
- Ultrasonic
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It is important to remember that different types of sensors warn against different hazards. Some detectors alert to carbon monoxide poisoning, while others indicate the risk of gas explosions or fire hazards. Detectors can operate independently or form part of complex warning systems.
Installation Locations for Detectors
Devices for non-professional use are distinguished by ease of installation. Anyone can install a combustible gas, carbon monoxide, or smoke detector in their home without specialized knowledge or qualifications
A combustible gas detector should only be installed in rooms with a gas installation, as leaks in the installation are usually the cause of gas presence in the air.
A carbon monoxide detector is used wherever solid, liquid, or gaseous fuels are burned. In such places, incomplete combustion may occur due to insufficient air supply. Especially in rooms with modern airtight windows and rubber seals, incomplete combustion of these fuels can occur. This may include a boiler room, bathroom, kitchen, or even a living room if a fireplace is used. The consequence of this phenomenon is the production of carbon monoxide.
Smoke detectors have the widest application because fires can occur anywhere. They are used where open flames are present, as well as near chimneys, heating systems, or electrical installations. All of these pose a fire risk, particularly in rooms with flammable structures or furnishings.